|
Adelaide of Poland ((ポーランド語:Adelajda Kazimierzówna)) (ca. late 1170s / early 1180s – 8 December 1211), was a Polish princess and member of the Piast dynasty. She was the daughter of Casimir II the Just, Duke of Sandomierz and High Duke of Poland, by his wife Helena of Znojmo , a Přemyslid princess. On basis of the inscription of her tombstone at the Dominican Church and Convent of St. James in Sandomierz and two different reports of Jan Długosz,〔J. Długosz: ''Liber beneficiorum dioecesis Cracoviensis'', vol. 3, Monasteria, Cracoviae 1864, p. 455; J. Długosz: ''Roczniki czyli kroniki sławnego Królestwa Polskiego'', book VI, Warsaw 1973, vol. 3, p. 222.〕 modern historians agreed with the origin and facts from Adelaide's life. Today existed a dominant view in historiography consistent with her filiation and death date. According to them, Adelaide was indeed the daughter of Casimir II the Just and died in 1211, but wasn't the foundress of the Convent of St. James and only another nun there.〔O. Balzer: ''Genealogia Piastów'', Kraków 1895, p. 338; K. Jasiński: ''Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich'', Poznań – Wrocław 2001, p. 17.〕 In the 19th century, appeared a theory which states that Adelaide was the daughter of Casimir I of Kuyavia, who entered in the Convent of St. James as a nun and died there in 1291.〔O. Balzer: ''Genealogia Piastów'', Kraków 1895, pp. 337–339.〕 This view, accepted by several scholars, has been disputed. More recent historiography recognized her as the daughter of Casimir II the Just, founder of the Convent, in which was she buried after her death in 1211.〔K. Jasiński: ''Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich'', Poznań – Wrocław 2001, pp. 17–22.〕 ==Life== Jan Długosz reported that Adelaide was the daughter of Casimir II the Just.〔J. Długosz: ''Roczniki czyli kroniki sławnego Królestwa Polskiego'', book VI, Warsaw 1973, vol. 3, p. 222; J. Długosz: ''Liber beneficiorum dioecesis Cracoviensis'', vol. 3, Monasteria, Cracoviae 1864, p. 455. The filiation given by Długosz was supported by K. Jasiński: ''Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich'', Poznań – Wrocław 2001, pp. 17–22.〕 It's unknown when she was born. The fact that she never married and became a nun, supports the presumption that at the time of her father's death in 1194 her future wasn't decide.〔K. Jasiński: ''Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich'', Poznań – Wrocław 2001, p. 21.〕 Her birth date was place between the late 1170s and early 1180s.〔 By convention among the offspring of Casimir II and Helena of Znojmo she is placed in the fifth place, after Odon (who died in infancy) and before Leszek I the White and Konrad I of Masovia.〔 The origin of her name is unclear. Historians placed three theories about it:〔K. Jasiński: ''Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich'', Poznań – Wrocław 2001, pp. 20–21.〕 *She was probably named after Adelaide of Mochental, mother of Salomea of Berg; however the chronological distance between the Countess of Berg and the Piast princess was significant and thus, seems unlikely that Casimir II named his daughter for his grandmother. *Another possibility was that Bolesław III Wrymouth and Salomea of Berg had a daughter named Adelaide who died in infancy (and for this probably not mentioned in sources) whose tomb would be in the country, and Casimir II named his daughter after her. *She could be named after Adelaida Zbyslava, daughter of Bolesław I the Tall, Casimir II's nephew and his ally for several years. In this case, Adelaide must be born between 1177 and 1184. Adelaide was the foundress of the Convent of St. James in Sandomierz, where in 1226 thanks to Iwo Odrowąż, Bishop of Kraków, the Dominicans settled.〔Jan Długosz in his work ''Roczniki czyli kroniki sławnego Królestwa Polskiego'' reported that in 1200 Adelaide founded the Dominican Convent. However, in the work ''Liber beneficiorum dioecesis Cracoviensis'' he said that she only founded a Church. O. Balzer: ''Genealogia Piastów'', Kraków 1895, pp. 337–338 and K. Jasiński: ''Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich'', Poznań – Wrocław 2001, pp. 18–19, said that Adelaide founded a minor Church.〕 She probably was also a nun in the Sanctuary of St. Jadwiga in Trzebnica during the rule of the first Abbess Petrissa.〔O. Balzer took this report from the 18th century chronicle of Arnold Teicher, quoted in the work of A. Bach: ''Geschichte und Beschreibung des fürstlichen jungfräulichen Klosterstiftes Cistercienser Ordens in Trebnitz...'', issued in Nysa in 1859. However, this work considered that Adelaide was the daughter of Casimir I of Kuyavia and died in 1291. O. Balzer: ''Genealogia Piastów,'' Kraków 1895, p. 418.〕 She died on 8 December 1211,〔Date given by Jan Długosz and accepted by O. Balzer: ''Genealogia Piastów'', Kraków 1895, p. 339, and K. Jasiński: ''Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich'', Poznań – Wrocław 2001, pp. 21–22.〕 and was buried at the Convent of St. James. At the end of the 14th and early 15th century,〔In favor of the first date was K. Jasiński: ''Rodowód Piastów małopolskich i kujawskich'', Poznań – Wrocław 2001, p. 22, note. 46; in favor of the second one was S.A. Sroka: ''Adelajda'', () K. Ożóg, S. Szczur (ed.), ''Piastowie. Leksykon biograficzny'', Kraków 1999.〕 was founded her Gothic tombstone. Included a carved convex form of a woman dress in a long dress and coat, with her head resting on a pillow, his hands clasped in prayer, and around contains an inscription in Latin: ::''hic iacet domicella adleais filia ducis kazimiri fundatrix ilius convet' et obit anno domini milesimo ccxi''. ::In English: ''Here lies Lady Adelaide, daughter of Duke Casimir, foundress of the monastery and died in the year of our Lord 1211''. The title of the tombstone who mentioned Adelaide as the foundress of the Convent was known by Jan Długosz, but was translated by the Dominicans, and this probably resulted in the error of the source. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Adelaide of Poland」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|